Homophobia

Homophobia refers to rejection, discrimination, devaluation, or violence directed at lesbian, gay, and other non-heterosexual people. It can appear openly or subtly, for example through insults, exclusion, threats, disadvantages, or physical and psychological violence. People who are wrongly perceived as lesbian or gay may also be affected.

When hostility is directed at one’s own sexual orientation, this is called internalized homophobia. It often develops in a homophobic environment and may be linked to shame, fear, or self-rejection, especially before or around coming out. The term “homophobia” is widely used, although it describes not only fear but more broadly hostile attitudes and actions.